Home

 

Searching all stock for "heka":

Egypt > Aswan in general (1 file)

Images in this gallery relate to Aswan in southern Egypt covering the city, the River Nile and related sites except for more important places such as Philae, The Nubian Museum and Seheil Island Rock carvings.
Aswan Elephantine EG004836Ejhp Elephantine Island Aswan Egyptian shrines cult Heqa-ib Heka-ib deified governor Abu restoration Egypt visited during a separate excursion and not usually included in standard Nile package tours. Taking a ferry over and paying for a museum and island visit is straight forward. This photo was taken in 2000 when restoration and excavation was ongoing and is record of progress at that time. It is also interesting to visit the famous Nilometer which was used for recording the start of the annual flooding of the Nile or inundation. The Nilometer is situated directly across from the equally famous Old Nile Cataract Hotel, written about in Agatha Christie’s Death on the Nile and which featured in the film of the same name. The island would have had strategic importance given its size and predominant position in the centre of the river. There are the remains of several Temples to various Gods associated with the Island, the most notable being Khnum, the ram-headed provincial God of the region, Lord of the Cataract and Hapy, the Nile God. Khnum’s consorts were Satet/Satis and Anuket. Pre-historic remains and carvings have been found and occupation of the Island spanned almost the whole history to Egypt including a gateway showing Alexander 11 and Greco-Roman Necropolis of the Sacred Rams. Considerable occupation of the Island by high officials is evidenced by the spread of houses and shown in some of these photos. There is also evidence of a Jewish settlement from Aramaic papyri finds. A small but interesting Museum exhibits finds from all the periods of occupation and is well worth a visit. No photography was allowed. There is also a garden museum with statues of Middle Kingdom local nomarchs. As several of the photos show is partially restored Temple of Satet with some painted relief blocks in place and the areas not found left a drawings showing figures in position. There was evidence of considerable reusing of older buildings particularly by the ruler Nectanebo 11, see also his naos, and later Alexander and two temples attributed to Amenhotep 111 and Tuthmosis 111 that existed at the time of the French expedition in 1800 where subsequently destroyed during civil unrest. Keywords: Egypt, Aswan, River, Nile, Nubia, Elephantine, Island, Nilometer, Gazirat al-Aswan, landscape, hieroglyphs, temple, Khnum, Napy, Satet, Satis, Sesostris 1, Anuket, Gods, restored, restoration, reliefs, painted, carvings, garden, statues, occupation, houses, buildings, mudbrick, workmanship, techniques, history, antiquity, ancient, Egyptian, package, trip, Egyptology, 2000, slide, film, 35mm, format, Fuji, Velvia, daylight, scanned, scan, Nikon, FM2, manual, Cataract, Hotel, ferry, felucca, sailing, water

Egypt > Infra Red Photographs (10 files)

This is a collection of Infra Red Black & White film photographs taken of the main sites of mainly Ancient Egypt in the late 1990's and they give a very different feel to the sites with the particular ghostly effect of this specialised Kodak film. Sites covered include Abydos, Colossi of Memnon, Abydos temple, Osireion, Dendera Temple, Edfu Temple, Esna Temple, Esna Lock, Karnak Temple, Kom Ombo Temple, Luxor Temple, Philae Temple, Aswan Felucca; River Nile cruise, Pyramids of Giza and The Sphinx
Esna by Nile InfR EG021218jhp Egypt Esna Nile town waterfront cruise berth houses infra red is a well known berthing area on the River Nile waiting for access to the locks and if time allows there is a beautiful Ptolemaic temple deep in a hollow under the modern town building line worth visiting. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. This particular photograph was taken using Kodak Infra Red film which gives this classic ghostly affect. It was taken using a Nikon FM manual camera, 28mm f2.8 Nikkor or Tokina SD 28-70mm f3.5lens with a Red filter, rated at 200ASA and processed in Aculux for 14 mins. The ghostly effect is not as pronounced as using the R72 filter which I used in 1998. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, promenade, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table, B&W, Infra, red, film, negative, Kodak, Nikon, FM, manual, Red, filter, ghostly, ghostlike, black, white, 2002, October
Esna Temple InfR EG021227jhp Egyptian Esna Temple smiting enemies infra red Khnum Isis outer carvings north wall on a small gem of a building deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. This particular photograph was taken using Kodak Infra Red film which gives this classic ghostly affect. It was taken using a Nikon FM manual camera, 28mm f2.8 Nikkor or Tokina SD 28-70mm f3.5lens with a Red filter, rated at 200ASA and processed in Aculux for 14 mins. The ghostly effect is not as pronounced as using the R72 filter which I used in 1998. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, battle, scene, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table, B&W, Infra, red, film, negative, Kodak, Nikon, FM, manual, Red, filter, ghostly, ghostlike, black, white, 2002, October
Esna Temple InfR EG021226jhp Egypt Esna Temple north wall infra red Khnum Isis outer carvings on a small gem of a building deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. This particular photograph was taken using Kodak Infra Red film which gives this classic ghostly affect. It was taken using a Nikon FM manual camera, 28mm f2.8 Nikkor or Tokina SD 28-70mm f3.5lens with a Red filter, rated at 200ASA and processed in Aculux for 14 mins. The ghostly effect is not as pronounced as using the R72 filter which I used in 1998. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table, B&W, Infra, red, film, negative, Kodak, Nikon, FM, manual, Red, filter, ghostly, ghostlike, black, white, 2002, October
Esna Temple InfR EG021225jhp Egypt Esna Temple Nile town modern houses exterior B&W infra red film is a small gem of a building deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. This particular photograph was taken using Kodak Infra Red film which gives this classic ghostly affect. It was taken using a Nikon FM manual camera, 28mm f2.8 Nikkor or Tokina SD 28-70mm f3.5lens with a Red filter, rated at 200ASA and processed in Aculux for 14 mins. The ghostly effect is not as pronounced as using the R72 filter which I used in 1998 Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, north, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table, B&W, Infra, red, film, negative, Kodak, Nikon, FM, manual, Red, filter, ghostly, ghostlike, black, white, 2002, October
Esna Temple InfR EG021224jhp Egyptian Esna Temple town modern appartment flats B&W infra red film is a small gem of a building deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. This particular photograph was taken using Kodak Infra Red film which gives this classic ghostly affect. It was taken using a Nikon FM manual camera, 28mm f2.8 Nikkor or Tokina SD 28-70mm f3.5lens with a Red filter, rated at 200ASA and processed in Aculux for 14 mins. The ghostly effect is not as pronounced as using the R72 filter which I used in 1998 Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, north, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table, B&W, Infra, red, film, negative, Kodak, Nikon, FM, manual, Red, filter, ghostly, ghostlike, black, white, 2002, October
Esna Temple InfR EG021223jhp Egypt Esna Temple Nile town hypostyle hall infra red exterior walls west north of this small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. This particular photograph was taken using Kodak Infra Red film which gives this classic ghostly affect. It was taken using a Nikon FM manual camera, 28mm f2.8 Nikkor or Tokina SD 28-70mm f3.5lens with a Red filter, rated at 200ASA and processed in Aculux for 14 mins. The ghostly effect is not as pronounced as using the R72 filter which I used in 1998. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table, B&W, Infra, red, film, negative, Kodak, Nikon, FM, manual, Red, filter, ghostly, ghostlike, black, white, 2002, October
Esna Temple InfR EG021222jhp Egyptian Esna Temple hypostyle hall north west walls infra red B&W is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. This particular photograph was taken using Kodak Infra Red film which gives this classic ghostly affect. It was taken using a Nikon FM manual camera, 28mm f2.8 Nikkor or Tokina SD 28-70mm f3.5lens with a Red filter, rated at 200ASA and processed in Aculux for 14 mins. The ghostly effect is not as pronounced as using the R72 filter which I used in 1998. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, outside, walls, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table, B&W, Infra, red, film, negative, Kodak, Nikon, FM, manual, Red, filter, ghostly, ghostlike, black, white, 2002, October
Esna Temple InfR EG021221jhp Egypt Esna Temple outer wall infra red film hypostyle hall side is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. This particular photograph was taken using Kodak Infra Red film which gives this classic ghostly affect. It was taken using a Nikon FM manual camera, 28mm f2.8 Nikkor or Tokina SD 28-70mm f3.5lens with a Red filter, rated at 200ASA and processed in Aculux for 14 mins. The ghostly effect is not as pronounced as using the R72 filter which I used in 1998 Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table, B&W, Infra, red, film, negative, Kodak, Nikon, FM, manual, Red, filter, ghostly, ghostlike, black, white, 2002, October
Esna Temple InfR EG021220jhp Egypt Esna Temple Ptolemaic hypostyle hall infra red film floral capitals curtain screens is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. This particular photograph was taken using Kodak Infra Red film which gives this classic ghostly affect. It was taken using a Nikon FM manual camera, 28mm f2.8 Nikkor or Tokina SD 28-70mm f3.5lens with a Red filter, rated at 200ASA and processed in Aculux for 14 mins. The ghostly effect is not as pronounced as using the R72 filter which I used in 1998 Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table, B&W, Infra, red, film, negative, Kodak, Nikon, FM, manual, Red, filter, ghostly, ghostlike, black, white, 2002, October
Esna Temple InfR EG021219jhp Egypt Esna Temple hypostyle hall curtain screens infra red Gods offering scene is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. This particular photograph was taken using Kodak Infra Red film which gives this classic ghostly affect. It was taken using a Nikon FM manual camera, 28mm f2.8 Nikkor or Tokina SD 28-70mm f3.5lens with a Red filter, rated at 200ASA and processed in Aculux for 14 mins. The ghostly effect is not as pronounced as using the R72 filter which I used in 1998 Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table, B&W, Infra, red, film, negative, Kodak, Nikon, FM, manual, Red, filter, ghostly, ghostlike, black, white, 2002, October

Egypt > River Nile Cruise & Sites (17 files)

Photographs in this gallery show daily life along the River Nile mainly from the cruises I have undertaken over the past 10 years or so. Sites that border the Nile are included although the major temples visted have their own dedicated sites such as Edfu and Kom Ombo. One of the enjoyments of the Nile cruise is the tranquility of watching 'life go by' usually characterised by the friendliness of those you pass whether boatmen or farm workers as well as seeing wild birds close at hand. The other aspect is the service on the cruiseboats from friendly crews and the chance to relax after hectic and often crowded temple visits.
Esna Temple EG949421jhp Egyptian Esna Temple Nile Ptolemaic Roman hypostyle hall ceiling capitals composite lotus papyrus is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, ceiling, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, lotus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table, 1994, slide, film, 35mm, Fuji, RDP, Nikon, FM2, manual, scanned, scan
Esna Temple EG02518jhp Egypt Esna Town Temple Roman exterior hypostyle hall capitals street level view is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, north, side, street, level, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table
Esna Temple EG02517jhp Egypt Esna Temple Roman hypostyle hall south wall inside hieroglyphics detailed is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, south, wall, east, light, left, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table
Esna Temple EG02516jhp Egyptian Esna Temple Roman hypostyle hall columns hieroglyphs colours detailed is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table
Esna Temple EG02515jhp Egypt Esna Temple Roman hypostyle columns hieroglyphs colours floral capitals roof details is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table
Esna Temple EG02514jhp Egyptian Esna Temple Roman hypostyle hall huge columned hieroglyphics capitals is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table
Esna Temple EG02513jhp Egypt Esna Temple Roman hypostyle columns hieroglyphs colours capitals ceiling is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table
Esna Temple EG02512jhp Egyptian Esna Temple Roman hypostyle hall wall reliefs hieroglyphics detailed is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, north, wall, east, light, right, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table
Esna Temple EG02511jhp Egypt ancient Isna Temple Roman hypostyle north wall hieroglyphs carvings details is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, interior, north, wall, east, light, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table
Esna Temple EG02510jhp Egyptian Esna Temple Ptolemaic hypostyle hall columns capitals floral ceiling is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, scaffolding, cleaning, repairs, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table
Esna Temple EG02509jhp Egypt Esna Temple Roman Emperor smites enemies hieroglyphics Khnum north wall is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, wall, north, exterior, smiting, enemies, Emperor, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table
Esna Temple EG02507jhp Egypt Esna Temple Nile Ptolemaic back west wall hypostyle hall is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table, back, west, exterior, wall, texts, Marcus, Aurelius, Emperor
Esna Temple EG02506jhp Egyptian Esna Temple Nile Roman hall rear west south corner is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, west, rear, back, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table
Esna Temple EG02504jhp Egyptian Esna Temple hypostyle hall exterior south side Roman Emperors Khum Shu is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, wall, south, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table
Esna Temple EG02503jhp Egyptian Esna Temple Nile Roman screen curtains hypostyle hall Khum Shu is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table
Esna Temple EG02502jhp Egypt Esna Temple Nile Roman hypostyle hall curtain screens colours corniche is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, landscape, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table
Esna Temple EG02501jhp Egyptian Esna Temple Nile Roman hypostyle hall painted screens Khum Shu is a small gem deep in a hollow under the modern town building line. The hypostyle hall is all that remains of one of the latest temples to be built in Egypt by Ptolemy V1 and V111 and Roman additions with recordings of most Roman Emperors mentioned to the last recorded being Decius c AD240. For me it has some of the loveliest intact columns, with great attention of the detail and still a hint of colour from the bottom to the top of these huge floral capitals where the craftsmanship leaps off every surface. Standing in its centre it is easy to imagine being in the symbolic creation of the original papyrus marsh. It is a temple not usually visited on the standard River Nile cruise tour package but used to be accessible if berthed alongside the town with a long delay to get through old single lock system expected as it is only a short walk from the waterfront; probably not so realistic these days. Keywords: Egypt, Esna, Isna, Temple, West, Bank, River, Nile, history, archaeology, ancient, Egyptian, upright, Roman, Ptolemaic, Egyptology, Latopolis, City, Shu, rams, Neith, Heka, Geta, Ptolemy, Euergetes, 11, Septimius, Severus, Pronaos, exterior, curtain, wall, east, Pharaoh, praising, Gods, deities, Isis, Horus, Khnum, hypostyle, astronomical, ceiling, columns, hieroglyphs, hieroglyphics, carvings, reliefs, bas, colours, painted, papyrus, flowers, floral, elaborate, detailed, intact, composite, capitals, inner, sanctuary, Fuji, S2, DSLR, town, centre, buried, flooding, water, table

Click below to purchase all images shown (you can fine-tune on next page):